Mawu Oyamba
M'dziko lotsogola, -lofulumira, komanso lomwe likukulirakulirabe m'dziko lopanga zinthu pakompyuta, zikwangwani, zofananira ndi zomangamanga, malo-a{2}}kugula mashopu, ndi luso laukadaulo, acrylic akadali imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino, zosunthika, zowoneka bwino, komanso zopangira zomwe zilipo komanso zofunikira kwambiri. Amadziwika ndi malonda-odziwika ndi mayina amalonda odziwika monga Plexiglas, Perspex, kapena Lucite, acrylic ali ndi galasi lochititsa chidwi-monga kuwala, kusasunthika kwanyengo, kulimba kwamphamvu, komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yokondedwa kwambiri pakati pa anthu okonda zosangalatsa, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, ndi zazikulu{6}} Komabe, njira zachikale zamakina, -zocheka mwaliwiro, ndi mphero zamanja nthawi zambiri zimasiya m'mphepete mwake mokhotakhota, zimafunikira kupukuta ndi kupukuta, ndikuyika kupsinjika kwakuthupi komwe kungayambitse-kuthyoka, kuthyoka, ndi kuonongeka mtengo.
Kuti mugonjetseretu zovuta zakale izi ndikukweza miyezo yopangira, akatswiri amakono amatembenukira kuukadaulo wapamwamba wamatenthedwe wokhazikika mozungulira makina odulira a laser. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri, kowunikiridwa bwino kwambiri, chodulira chamakono chimasungunuka ndi kusungunula acrylic m'njira yopangidwa mwaluso ndi mapu, kutulutsa lumo-lokuthwa kwambiri, mikombero yowoneka bwino yamkati, ndi m'mbali zosalala, zonyezimira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunikira zironso{2}ntchito yachiwiri{2}. Komabe, kupeza kristalo wosilirayo-lawi lowoneka bwino-m'mphepete mwake singongokankha batani loyambira pagawo lowongolera; imafuna kumvetsetsa kwaukadaulo, kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wa acrylic polymer chemistry, masinthidwe amagetsi a laser, kuthamanga kwapaulendo, kuthandizira kupanikizika kwa gasi, komanso kuyika kwakuya kwakuya. Kalozera wamakampaniwa adapangidwa mwaluso kuti akuyendetseni pagawo lililonse lofunikira kuti muthe kukonza makina a acrylic pogwiritsa ntchito makina anu odulira laser, kuwonetsetsa kuti mulibe cholakwa, zotsatira zaukadaulo nthawi iliyonse.
Kumvetsetsa Acrylic Material Science: Cast Versus Extruded
Musanasinthe magawo ogwiritsira ntchito makina anu, kuyesa kuthamanga kwa mayeso, kapena kuyika fayilo yojambula bwino kwambiri mu pulogalamu yanu yowongolera, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zenizeni zamapulasitiki: si mapepala onse a acrylic omwe amapangidwa mofanana. Chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza momwe pepala la acrylic limachitira pansi pa mphamvu ya kutentha kwambiri ndi njira yake yopangira: makamaka, kaya zinthuzo ndi cell cast kapena extruded. Kulephera kuzindikira kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iwiri yosiyanayi ya acrylic kungayambitse kulephera kwakukulu kwa kudula, m'mphepete mwamoto, fungo losasangalatsa la mankhwala, ndi kupotoza kwapangidwe komwe kumawononga magulu onse azinthu.
Cell cast acrylic amapangidwa ndi kuthira madzi a acrylic monomer pakati pa mapepala awiri akulu akulu, opukutidwa kwambiri agalasi apamwamba kwambiri-ndipo amalola kuti asungunuke pang'onopang'ono mubafa lamadzi ofunda kapena uvuni woyatsira moto. Kuchiritsa kwapang'onopang'ono, koyendetsedwa bwino ndi mankhwala kumapanga chinthu chokhala ndi mamolekyu ofanana modabwitsa, mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, komanso kukhazikika kwapadera kwamafuta. Ikakonzedwa ndi makina odulira laser, acrylic otayira amachitira bwino kwambiri ku mphamvu yamafuta; umasungunuka bwino m'njira yodulidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso losalala, lowoneka bwino, lawi{3}}lopukutidwa m'mphepete lomwe limawoneka ngati lopukutidwa bwino ndi dzanja. Kuphatikiza apo, akriliki a cell cast amalimbana kwambiri ndi kusweka kwa mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri, yosatsutsika yodula ma vekta, kujambula bwino, zolumikizana zolumikizana, ndi-mawonekedwe apamwamba.
Komano, ma acrylic owonjezera amapangidwa kudzera-yochuluka kwambiri-yochuluka kwambiri{1}}popanga ma pellets olimba a acrylic amasungunuka ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo amaunikizidwa mosalekeza kudzera muzitsulo zooneka ngati mapepala kuti apange mapepala ofanana. Chifukwa chakuti acrylic wa extruded amapangidwa motsatizana ndi makina osalekeza ndipo amazizidwa mwachangu kudzera m'ma roller ozizira, amakhalabe ndi zovuta zamkati zotsalira zamakina. Akagonjetsedwa ndi mphamvu yotentha kwambiri ya makina odulira laser, ma acrylic a extruded amatha kusungunuka mwachangu komanso mosagwirizana kuposa mnzake. M'mphepete mwake nthawi zambiri amaoneka ngati gummy, chisanu, oyera-onyezimira, kapena opotoka pang'ono m'malo momveka bwino komanso ngati magalasi, ndipo zinthu zake zimatha kusweka pang'onopang'ono{6}zikakhala zong'ambika komanso kusweka ngati zili ndi zosungunulira kapena zomatira zamadzimadzi. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ma acrylic opangidwa ndi extruded nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika mtengo komanso amatha kupirira zolimba kwambiri pazamalonda, opanga akale amakhala pafupifupi amatchula ma cell cast acrylic pomwe mawonekedwe opanda cholakwika m'mphepete ndi kudalirika kwamapangidwe kumafunika.
Kuyimba mu Parameters: Mphamvu, Kuthamanga, Mafupipafupi, ndi Kuyikira Kwambiri
Kukwaniritsa kudulidwa koyera, kothandiza, komanso kowoneka bwino pa pepala la acrylic kumafuna kusanja mozama kwa magawo a makina anu odulira laser. Mosiyana ndi matabwa achilengedwe, matabwa achilengedwe, kapena nsalu zolukidwa zomwe zimayamwa mphamvu ya laser mofanana pa matrix awo, acrylic ali ndi malo enieni osungunula ndi vaporization omwe amafunikira kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa kinetic.
Kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa laser ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimawongolera kuthekera kwanu kudula mu makulidwe osiyanasiyana azinthu za acrylic. Pamasamba owonda mamilimita 3, mphamvu yapakati-pa makina a laser ya CO2 nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira, pomwe masamba okhuthala amamilimita 10 kapena kupitilira apo amafunikira madzi ochulukirapo kapena madulidwe angapo. Komabe, cholakwika chodziwika bwino choyambira ndikudalira mphamvu yayikulu ya laser ndikusiya kuthamanga koyenera. Ngati mphamvu yanu ya laser ikhale yokwera kwambiri pomwe liwiro lanu loyenda likukhazikika pang'onopang'ono, kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe kumapangitsa kuti acrylic awira, kuwira, ndikupanga "mkanda" wosawoneka bwino, wosungunuka m'mphepete mwa zinthuzo. Mosiyana ndi izi, ngati liwiro lanu laulendo liri lothamanga kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito, laser idzalephera kulowa mu makulidwe onse a pepala, zomwe zimapangitsa mabala osakwanira, magawo okhoma, ndi zinthu zowonongeka.
Kudula pafupipafupi-kawirikawiri kuyeza mu Hertz (Hz) kapena pulses per inch (PPI) pocheka ma vekitala{1}}kumakhala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakumaliza kwapamwamba. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina odulira laser a CO2 pa acrylic, kutulutsa kopitilira muyeso kapena kugunda kwapang'onopang'ono kumakonda kuonetsetsa kuti kutsogolo kusungunuke kosalala, kosasokonezeka m'mphepete mwa njira vekitala. Zochunira zocheperako zimatha kupanga macheka owoneka bwino-dzino, zopindikira, kapena zopendekera m'mphepete, zomwe zingasokoneze kukongola kwa chidutswacho. Kuonjezera apo, kuika malo okhazikika ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kwa ma sheet owonda a acrylic, nsonga yamtengo wa laser nthawi zambiri imayikidwa bwino pamwamba kapena kumizidwa pang'ono pakati pa zinthuzo. Kwa mbale zokhuthala, kusintha koyang'ana kuzama pang'ono kumapangitsa kuti mtengowo ukhale wocheperako, wofanana ndi kerf m'lifupi mpaka pansi, kuteteza kuphulika ndi kuphulika kosafanana.
Kuteteza Pamwamba, Kupaka, ndi Kuthandizira Kuwongolera Gasi
Ngakhale ndi mphamvu zoyendetsedwa bwino komanso liwiro lokhazikika, zinthu zachilengedwe mkati mwa malo odulidwa zimatha kukhudza kwambiri mtundu womaliza wa pulojekiti yanu ya acrylic. Kuyang'anira zotchingira mapepala zoteteza, zomangira mafilimu apulasitiki, ndi kuthandiza makina otumizira gasi ndikofunikira kuti mupewe kuwonongeka, kuwukanso mwaye, ndi kuyaka kosafunika-.
Pafupifupi ma sheet onse a acrylic amafika kuchokera kufakitale ataphimbidwa mbali zonse ndi zotchinga zoteteza-kaya filimu yopyapyala ya pulasitiki ya polyethylene kapena{1}}zophimba zolemera zamapepala. Kusiya maskingwa panthawi ya kudula kwa laser ndikofunikira kuti muteteze malo opukutidwa kuti asakandane mukamagwira ndikutchinjiriza nkhope ya zinthuzo ku utsi wotuluka mumlengalenga, mwaye, ndi vaporized acrylic spatter yomwe imatha kuyikanso ndikudetsa malo owala kosatha. Komabe, sizinthu zonse zopangira masking zomwe zimayenda bwino pansi pa mtengo wa laser. Kuphimba mapepala kumakondedwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri opanga makina chifukwa amawotcha bwinobwino pansi pa njira ya laser osasungunuka, pamene mafilimu ena apulasitiki otchipa amatha kusungunuka, kuphatikizira pamwamba pa acrylic, ndi kusiya zomata, zovuta{-kuchotsa zotsalira. Ngati acrylic wanu ali ndi chigoba cha filimu cha pulasitiki chomwe chimasungunuka, nthawi zambiri ndi bwino kuchisenda ndi kuikamo mapepala aukadaulo-grade low-tack transfer musanadule.
Kasamalidwe ka gasi wothandiza ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina odulira laser, mpweya wokhazikika wa mpweya wokhazikika kapena mpweya wa inert umawomberedwa mosalekeza kudzera pamphuno yodulira molunjika pamalo okhazikika. Gasi wothandizirawa amagwira ntchito ziwiri: amaziziritsa zinthu zozungulira kuti achepetse kupotoza ndi kuyaka, ndipo amachotsa zinyalala zosungunuka ndi mpweya wa nthunzi kuti magalasi aziwoneka oyera. Podula acrylic, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta{{3}opanda chinyezi,{4}mpweya wosakanizidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mchitidwe wokhazikika. Mpweya wochuluka kwambiri ukhoza kuziziritsa kutsogolo kwake ndi kuchepetsa kuzama, pamene utsi wochepa kwambiri ungalephere kuchotsa utsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale moto-pamene mpweya wotsekeka umayatsira mkati mwa kerf ndi kuwotcha m'mphepete mwa zinthuzo.
Tumizani-Njira Zokonza ndi Kuthetsa Mavuto Omwe Amadulira
Ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zabwino kwambiri pa-makina odula kwambiri a laser, kumvetsetsa momwe mungathetsere zolakwika zomwe anthu ambiri amadula nazo komanso kudziwa njira zosavuta zopangira-zidzakweza ntchito yanu yopangira utoto wa acrylic kuchokera pamlingo wina wake kupita ku wapadera.
Imodzi mwazovuta zomwe anthu opanga zinthu amakumana nazo ndi "kupenga"-kuoneka kwa ting'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono kapena mizere yopsinja yomwe imatuluka kuchokera m'mphepete. Crazing nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwamkati kwamafuta mkati mwa pepala la acrylic (lomwe limapezeka muzinthu zowonjezera) komanso kukhudzana ndi zosungunulira zamankhwala, zotsukira, kapena zomatira patangotha kudula kwa laser. Kuti mupewe kuchita misala, nthawi zonse mugwiritseni ntchito-zopaka utoto wapamwamba kwambiri wa ma cell, pewani kupukuta m'mphepete ndi zotsuka zamphamvu monga acetone kapena zotsukira mawindo okhala ndi ammonia, ndipo muzilola kuti zinthuzo zizizizire bwino mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda musanagwire kapena kuyika zomatira zosungunulira.
Ngati m'mphepete mwanu muli chifunga choyera choyera kapena pang'ono pang'ono m'malo momveka bwino, kulemba{0}}kutha kuthetsa vutolo mosavuta. Ngakhale kuti laser yochunidwa bwino pa acrylic acrylic imapangitsa kuti m'mphepete mwake muwoneke bwino, zosintha zing'onozing'ono zitha kukonzedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito chounikira cham'manja cha butane chaching'ono-kapena chowunikira chapadera cha haidrojeni{3}}chonyezimira cha okosijeni. Mwakudutsa mofulumira komanso mofanana ndi lawi lolamuliridwa m'mphepete mwa matte, mbali ya acrylicyo imasungunuka pang'onopang'ono ndikulowa mugalasi-losalala, lowala-loyera. Komabe, ogwira ntchito ayenera kusamala kwambiri panthawi yopukuta moto kuti asatenthetse zinthuzo, zomwe zingayambitse matuza, kupindika, kapena kuyaka.
Kukhathamiritsa Mwapamwamba: Nesting Strategies ndi Makulitsidwe Opanga
Pamene ntchito zanu zopeka zikukula kuchoka pa-zotsatira zachizolowezi kupita ku kachulukidwe kachulukidwe, kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka ntchito yanu kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kuti muchulukitse zokolola zambiri komanso phindu.
Mapulogalamu opangira zisa amakupatsani mwayi wokonza ma vector angapo mwamphamvu papepala limodzi la acrylic, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri zinyalala. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma protocol oyezetsa ovomerezeka ndikusunga buku lololeza lambiri pa makulidwe amtundu uliwonse ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu kumawonetsetsa kuti makina anu odulira laser akugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri osangopeka pang'onopang'ono pamasinthidwe angapo.
Mapeto
Kudziwa luso la laser cutting acrylic ndi ntchito yopindulitsa kwambiri yomwe imatsegula mwayi wopanga ndi kugulitsa malonda, kuyambira pazikwangwani zocholowana ndi zomangira mpaka{0}}zowonetsa zamalonda zapamwamba ndi zojambulajambula. Pomvetsetsa bwino za machitidwe a ma cell a ma cell cast motsutsana ndi ma acrylic otuluka, kuyimba mozama mu mphamvu zanu, liwiro, ndi zinthu zomwe zimayang'ana, kuyang'anira zotchinga zoteteza ndikuthandizira kupsinjika kwa mpweya, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zanzeru zothana ndi mavuto ndi positi{2}}njira yokonza, mutha kupeza zotsatira zowoneka bwino nthawi zonse{3}.
Kuika nthawi kuyesa, kuyenga, ndi kulemba zoikamo anu pa odalirika laser kudula makina amasintha ndi mantha kupanga ndondomeko mu zodziwikiratu, kothandiza kwambiri, ndi luso wokhutiritsa kwambiri. Landirani zolondola zamapangidwe amakono a digito, lolani masomphenya anu opanga kuwongolera masanjidwe anu a vekitala, ndipo sangalalani ndi luso laukadaulo lazopanga zanu za acrylic.